![]() When you start to become more familiar with the sound of the notes of the different strings, you can try tuning the strings against each other - this is known as relative tuning (see 'Relative Tuning' section). It is advisable to start by tuning the A string first, followed by the D, G then E strings. Remember, you may need to stop to tune halfway through a practice, especially if you are using new strings as they tend to stretch and may need tightening from the peg multiple times per practice session for the first few days. When you are tuning your violin, play the note continuously with your bow and listen carefully to the string as it tightens towards the desired pitch. ![]() This way, you prevent the string from being over-tightened. When a fine tuner has been wound right down to the end of the screw, loosen the fine tuner all the way to the end of the screw before carefully tightening the tuning peg. When tuning your violin, you should also always tune using the fine tuners when possible (if you have them - most learner violins should have fine tuners). This prevents string breakages and systematizes the process of tuning, so you eventually become more familiar with the sound of a perfect, in-tune string. When tuning any instrument, you should always tune from below the note, up. Only move the peg about a few millimeters at a time - you will be surprised at how significantly such a small turn can affect the pitch of the string! ![]() If you are beginning to tune from the peg, it is a good idea to tune with a scientific tuner to make sure you are not over-tightening the string, however with most low-end scientific tuners you will still have to be wary of tuning an octave too high or too low. Beginners are usually advised not to tune with the pegs unless absolutely necessary, in order to avoid unnecessary string breakages. When the string is out of tune by half a tone or more, then the pegs are used to tune the note initially, with the fine tuner being used afterwards to make sure the note is exactly in tune. As their name suggests, the fine tuners are used for tuning the string if the string is off-pitch by a small interval of no more than half a tone or so. If you buy a violin with only one fine tuner, you do have the option of getting the other three fine tuners installed into the tailpiece by a luthier. Some violins only have fine tuners on the E string, whereas others have fine tuners on all 4 strings. The strings of the violin are tightened or loosened to produce the right note by the pegs and the fine tuners. The violin is tuned in perfect fifths - each string is tuned an interval of a perfect fifth from the string (or strings) next to it.
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